Creating space plasma from the ground

Marvelous results from the HF campaign performed on November 2015 at Arecibo Observatory. “We have performed an experiment to compare as directly as realizable the ionization production rate by HF radio wave energy versus by solar EUV.” This paper shows that radio-frequency production of artificial ionospheres is possible at mid-latitudes in a similar efficiency as high latitudes. This paper open the possibility to study the role of electron acceleration in the space plasma energy redistribution.